Read the passage carefully and then answer the questions which follow.
In modern society, many people spend long periods sitting at desks or using digital devices. As a result, exercise has become more important than ever in maintaining good physical health. Regular physical activity strengthens the heart, improves blood circulation and reduces the likelihood of developing serious conditions such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Importantly, these benefits are not limited to intense workouts; even moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, can have a lasting positive impact on the body.
However, the advantages of exercise extend far beyond physical fitness. Taking part in regular activity has a powerful effect on mental health. When people exercise, their bodies produce chemicals that improve mood and lower stress levels. This often leaves individuals feeling calmer and more positive, making it easier for them to cope with the pressures of everyday life.
Exercise is also closely linked to improved concentration and learning. Studies suggest that people who are physically active are better able to focus and retain information. For young people, this can be extremely beneficial, as improved concentration may lead to stronger performance in the classroom and greater confidence when sitting exams.
Another key benefit of regular exercise is increased energy. Although physical activity may initially feel exhausting, the body gradually adapts and becomes more efficient. Over time, this means that everyday tasks require less effort, leaving people feeling less tired and more motivated throughout the day.
Finally, exercise plays an important social role. Activities such as team sports, group fitness classes or even walking with friends create opportunities for social interaction. These experiences allow people to form friendships and feel part of a community, reducing feelings of loneliness. For many, this social connection is just as important as the physical improvements exercise provides.
| In your own words, explain why the writer believes exercise is particularly important in modern society. Refer to paragraph 1. | (2) |
| Using your own words, identify two physical health benefits of exercise mentioned in paragraph 1. | (2) |
| In your own words, explain how exercise affects mental wellbeing, according to paragraph 2. | (2) |
| In your own words, explain how exercise can improve learning, according to paragraph 3. | (2) |
| Using your own words, explain why exercise may be particularly helpful for young people. Refer to paragraph 3. | (2) |
| In your own words, summarise the long-term benefits to exercise mentioned in paragraph 4. | (2) |
| In your own words, explain how exercise benefits people socially, according to paragraph 5. | (2) |
Marks will be awarded for candidates’ understanding of the ideas of the passage and their ability to express these ideas in their own words. Candidates should not lift words or phrases from the passage.
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